Real - Time Smart Waste Management System Based on IOT for Smart City

Abstract

In many places, it can be seen that the Municipal garbage bins are overflowing and they are not cleaned regularly. Waste have become one of the crucial universal problems at present and has become a cause for the environment as well as a reason for the diseases like dengue, malaria etc. There should be a system that can monitor the bin and can give the information of filling of the bin to the municipality using IOT technology, so that the bin can be cleaned on time and the environment can be safeguarded. And also the garbage collecting process can be optimized by viewing the collecting vehicle location on the route. Municipal councils has a problem with the monitoring of filling levels of garbage bins efficiently and collecting them by going collecting vehicles on optimized path. The main reason for this problem is having no communication among the customers who has garbage bins and the municipal council. This project is carried out to provide a solution to the mentioned problem. This project suggests a solution to enable the society to automate and optimize waste management process using Internet of Things (IOT) technologies. The system provides a web interface and mobile app to the cleaning authority so that they can monitor and clean the garbage bin. In this project, Arduino and NodeMCU is used as the main boards which are designed based on the ATmega2560 microcontroller architecture and ESP8266 Wi-Fi microchip architecture. Arduino board makes the connection with all distributed sensors placed in the bins and transfer data to the NodeMCU. NodeMCU communicate via Wi-Fi and send all data to the firebase cloud database. The goal of sensors are to collect the parameters like level of the three types of garbage bins. The parameters are collected by the sensors are sends to the NodeMCU module and NodeMCU sends them to the Firebase cloud database. Google Firebase stores collected data in the database and analyzes the stored data. Hence database collects the data over Wi-Fi wireless communication protocol and allow user to monitor the data from a web browser or mobile app. Cleaning authority can collect the garbage on time. And also this project suggests a Global Positioning System (GPS) to the collecting vehicles for an efficient garbage collection, by tracking vehicle location according to the current latitude and longitude of the collecting vehicle provided by the mobile phone of vehicle driver via the app. And each delivery vehicle can be tracked using the GPS/GPRS based data and the location of the vehicle will be updated on the map. This system has ultimately improved the efficiency of the garbage collecting process optimizing the collecting process and emptying the garbage bins on time.